Waste management

Waste management is the collection, transport, processing or disposal, managing and monitoring of waste materials. The term usually relates to materials produced by human activity, and the process is generally undertaken to reduce their effect on health, the environment or aesthetics. Waste management is a distinct practice from resource recovery which focuses on delaying the rate of consumption of natural resources. All waste materials, whether they are solid, liquid, gaseous or radioactive fall within the remit of waste management
Waste management practices can differ for developed and developing nations, for urban and rural areas, and for residential and industrial producers. Management of non-hazardous waste residential and institutional waste in metropolitan areas is usually the responsibility of local government authorities, while management for non-hazardous commercial and industrial waste is usually the responsibility of the generator subject to local, national or international controls.

MAHATMA GANDHI NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE ACT

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is an Indian job guarantee scheme, enacted by legislation on 25 August 2005. The scheme provides a legal guarantee for at least one hundred days of employment in every financial year to adult members of any rural household willing to do public work-related unskilled manual work at the statutory minimum wage of 120 (US$2.20) per day in 2009 prices.If they fail to do so the govt. has to pay the salary at their homes. ^[1] The Central government outlay for scheme is 4000 billion (US$73 billion) in FY 2010–11.^[2]

This act was introduced with an aim of improving the purchasing power of the rural people, primarily semi or un-skilled work to people living in rural India, whether or not they are below the poverty line.

What is Disaster Management?

Disaster management, which is also known as emergency management, can be defined as dealing with and avoiding both natural and man made disasters. Disaster management involves preparedness before disaster, rebuilding and supporting society after natural disasters such as, earthquakes, drought, tsunami etc. Nowadays, both government and non government organizations work in the field of disaster management. In public sector, it may be defined as civil defense or emergency services. On the other hand, in the private sector, it is generally referred to business continuity planning.